Fundamental Research is an open access, peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary journal, which is supervised by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). Published bimonthly, it features high-calibre research covering all areas of the natural sciences and high-tech fields, including: Mathematics and Physics Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Life Sciences Earth Sciences Engineering and Materials Science Information Sciences Management Sciences Health and Medical Sciences Interdisciplinary Sciences This journal provides readers with high-quality research articles, reviews, perspectives, research highlights, commentaries, letters and news & views.